What is the function of the compressor in an HVAC system?

The function of the compressor in an HVAC system is to compress refrigerant gas and raise its temperature and pressure. This is a critical process in the refrigeration cycle. When the refrigerant gas enters the compressor, it is at a low pressure and temperature. The compressor then uses mechanical energy to compress the gas, which increases both its pressure and temperature. This transformation is essential because it allows the refrigerant to circulate through the rest of the HVAC system, facilitating heat exchange.

As the refrigerant moves through the system, it will eventually release heat to the outside environment as it condenses, becoming a liquid again. The entire cycle relies on this crucial process of the compressor to efficiently move thermal energy from inside a building to the outside, thus helping to regulate indoor temperatures.

The other options refer to different functions within an HVAC system. Distributing cold air pertains to the role of air handlers and ducts, regulating humidity involves the system's dehumidifying capabilities, and filtering contaminants is the responsibility of air filters within the system. These aspects complement the overall HVAC function but are not the primary role of the compressor itself.